The Epidermis
The epidermis is between 0.03 mm and 1mm thick. New skin cells form constantly in the epidermis and move to the surface of the skin. Melanocytes, which form the pigment melanin, lie above the core of the skin cells to form a protective layer against UV rays. Langerhans cells, the most important cells in the skin's immune system, are also part of the epidermis. On the surface of the skin, an acid protection layer consisting of lipids, water and salt protects against fungi and bacteria.

The Dermis
The dermis lies under the upper skin layer. It is distinctly thicker (up to 2.4mm) and is made up of two layers—the papilla and the basal layers, which are responsible for strength and suppleness. The reticular layer, where collagen and elastic fibres are located, can absorb large quantities of water. This is what contributes to a smooth and youthful appearance.